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What Are Gallstones? What Causes Gallstones?
Gallstones are lumps or stones that develop in the gallbladder or bile duct. Some of the chemicals which exist in the gallbladder, such as cholesterol, calcium bilirubinate, and calcium carbonate, harden into either one large stone or many small ones. According to Medilexicon"s medical dictionary, a gallstone is "A concretion in the gallbladder or a bile duct, composed chiefly of a mixture of cholesterol, calcium bilirubinate, and calcium carbonate, occasionally as a pure stone composed of just one of these substances". An article describes a gallbladder in the bile duct similar to trying to squeeze a golf ball through a straw.
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New British Dental Association Online Training Brings Qualification In Oral Health Education To DCPs
A new online training course from the British Dental Association (BDA) that qualifies dental care professionals (DCPs) to advise patients on oral health has been launched. Combining theoretical knowledge and the development of communication skills, the course aims to see DCPs put an enhanced skill-set into practice with confidence.
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Transdermal Drug Delivery For CNS Conditions Expected To Exceed $1 Billion By 2012
While often overshadowed in the public consciousness by cancer and heart disease, recent trends in certain pathologies of the central nervous system are becoming equally challenging for clinicians and researchers. Growth in the incidence of a number of neurological conditions such as Alzheimer"s and Parkinson"s has captured the concerns of healthcare professionals, and reached the public at large through personal experience and the media.
Diagnostics

Endeavor Drug-Eluting Stent Is First To Receive CE Mark For Treating Acute Coronary Syndrome

Medtronic, Inc. (NYSE: MDT), announced that its Endeavor drug-eluting stent (DES) is the first and only coronary stent to have received CE (Conformité Européene) Mark approval for treating patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which includes unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as heart attack. Medtronic is launching the unique ACS indication for the Endeavor DES today at PCR, a large and prestigious international meeting of interventional cardiologists. At this meeting today, Prof. Martin Rothman of the London Chest Hospital in the U.K. released positive new 12Ò€òmonth data from the international realÒ€òworld registry EÒ€òFive study (n=8,314) that show comparable outcomes for Endeavor DES patients with and without ACS . "Considering the distinctive safety record of the Endeavor stent, this indication for ACS makes perfect sense," said Prof. Rothman. "Results from the EÒ€òFive study support the use of the Endeavor stent in realÒ€òworld clinical practice, including ACS patients." Clinical research shows that ACS patients are at higher risk of stent thrombosis and mortality than nonÒ€òACS patients. ACS is a complex disease state for which drugÒ€òeluting stents are sometimes avoided due to concerns over longÒ€òterm safety and patient compliance with antiplatelet medication. "Of critical importance for safety, the biocompatibility of the Endeavor stent allows rapid and complete healing of the vessel wall," explained Sean Salmon, vice president and general manager of Medtronic CardioVascular"s Coronary and Peripheral business. "We believe that this healthy healing is the key to longÒ€òterm safety and efficacy." The EÒ€òFive study demonstrated no statistically significant difference on the primary endpoint - the rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at one year - between ACS patients (7.8 percent, n=3,973) and nonÒ€òACS patients (7.2 percent, n=4,341). Rates of death, MI and late stent thrombosis (LST) at one year were similarly low and comparable between the two groups. - AllÒ€òcause mortality - 2.7% ACS, 2.2%, nonÒ€òACS - Cardiac death - 2.0% ACS, 1.5% nonÒ€òACS - MI - 1.8% ACS, 1.5% nonÒ€òACS - Cardiac death + MI - 3.4% ACS, 2.7% nonÒ€òACS - LST (ARC def/prob) - 0.5% ACS, 0.3% nonÒ€òACS Low and similar rates of standard efficacy measures were also observed, including target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization (TVR) and target vessel failure (TVF). On all these measures, there were no statistically significant differences between the ACS and nonÒ€òACS groups. Medtronic"s Endeavor stent originally received the CE mark in August 2005 as a treatment for coronary artery disease. This latest approval enables Medtronic to market the Endeavor DES specifically for ACS patients in the European Union, and all other countries that recognize the CE Mark. These countries do not include the United States or Japan, where the Endeavor DES is also commercially available but is not indicated for ACS patients. Medtronic, Inc.


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