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HIV Infection And Chronic Drinking Have A Synergistic, Damaging Effect On The Brain
More than half of clinic patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) report they also drink heavily. While highly active antiretroviral therapy has helped to reduce HIV-related cognitive and motor deficits, neuropsychological deficits may continue and even be exacerbated by alcohol. A study of memory deficits has found that HIV infection and chronic alcoholism have synergistic, damaging effects on brain function.
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SCOTUS Ruling Reversing Decision From Sotomayor's Court Not Expected To Affect Nomination
The Supreme Court"s 5-4 reversal of a decision endorsed by a three-judge appellate panel that included Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor is attracting criticism from the judge"s conservative opponents but is not expected to have a significant effect on delaying her confirmation, the Washington Post reports. The appellate panel in 2008 upheld New Haven, Conn."s decision to discard a promotion test for firefighters after no blacks and only two Hispanics qualified for advancement after taking the test (Markon/Kane, Washington Post, 6/30). The panel"s ruling affirmed a lower court"s decision that the city had a right to discard the test based on a segment of civil rights law involving actions that have a "disparate impact" on minorities. A group of white and Hispanic firefighters who would have received promotions under the test sued, alleging reverse discrimination. Democrats and legal analysts said that Sotomayor was following legal precedent in the 2008 ruling and that it was the Supreme Court, which has the ability to exercise more discretion, that chose to make law by reversing the decision (Friedman, CongressDaily, 6/29). The Supreme Court typically reverses about 75% of the cases it reviews, according to legal experts. The court previously has reversed four of Sotomayor"s rulings and upheld three of her decisions, the Post reports. Tom Goldstein, a lawyer and founder of the SCOTUSblog Web site, said, "I don"t think it will persuade anybody who is inclined one way or another to change their views about Sotomayor" (Washington Post, 6/30). Sen. Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.), a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, said, "The main charge against Sotomayor is that she will be an activist judge, but this decision clearly shows that she won"t." He said that the results of the case "won"t change things a wit," adding that "in fact, it bolsters (the claim) that she is mainstream" (CongressDaily, 6/29). Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-Ala.), the ranking Republican on the Senate Judiciary Committee, said the New Haven case "sharpens our focus on [Sotomayor"s] troubling speeches and writings" that "indicate ... that personal experiences and political views should influence a judge"s decisions." He added that the issue "will clearly be the subject of questioning" at Sotomayor"s confirmation hearing, which is scheduled to begin on Monday (Phillips, "The Caucus," New York Times, 6/29).
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Survey Finds Surgical Residents View Duty Hour Regulations As A Hindrance To Training
Results of a survey published in the July issue of the Journal of the American College of Surgeons show that a large subset of surgical residents consider duty hour regulations (DHR) a significant barrier to their surgical education and express a desire for flexibility to work longer hours than current restrictions allow.
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New Generation Health And Safety Degree On Show At Open Day, Australia

A new Bachelor of Occupational Health and Safety Science that offers career opportunities in a diverse range of workplaces, from mines to movie sets, will be on show at UQ"s St Lucia Open Day (August 2). The Australian-first degree will span four years and will be available to students in 2010. UQ Professor of Occupational Health and Safety Mike Capra said graduates would become a new generation of highly-trained OHS specialists who would be in demand due to a workforce shortage. "The program was developed at the request of the OHS industry, including peak body the Safety Institute of Australia, which saw the need for a professional qualification in the field," Professor Capra said. "The lack of well-qualified OHS professionals is causing alarm among members of major OHS associations, government authorities and employers. "Historically OHS education has been a career "add on", often a short course or minor area of study in a broader degree, so UQ consulted with stakeholders and practicing OHS professionals to develop a program to meet their needs. "The result is a four-year degree that includes a strong scientific focus, a significant practical component and covers mental health workplace issues, which was a specific request from industry." Students will learn about a variety of issues in the workplace including chemical, physical, mechanical, psychological and biological hazards. They will also study law, ergonomics, risk management, behaviour change and workplace conflict as part of the program. The indepth knowledge and practical skills provided by this program means graduates will be considered highly-trained professionals. On Open Day potential students will have the opportunity to do a quiz on their knowledge of hazardous chemicals and try their skills as an accident investigator. For more information on this new program go to http://www.uq.edu.au/health/ohsdegree and for Open Day details visit http://www.youruq.com/openday/. University of Queensland, Australia


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